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Investigating · emergence

Particle Life simulation

Can lifelike structure — cells, membranes, self-propelling creatures — emerge from nothing but a few colours of particle pulling and pushing on each other by simple rules?

▶ Run the simulation

How the lab tests it

Hundreds of particles in a handful of colours, each colour attracting or repelling every other by a random interaction matrix (the 'genome'), integrated on a torus. Tune the matrix and the seed and watch what self-organises; measure cluster structure, order parameters, and the pair-correlation g(r).

What it looks for

open-ended emergence — gases, cells, gliders, and self-replicating blobs arise from the matrix alone, with no notion of 'life' written into the rules. PHS's emergent substrate and its deepest research thread.

One simulation in the PHS lab — 106 of them, each posing a question and measuring the answer. See the catalogued findings.